"Baked in: Creating Products and Businesses That Market Themselves" is a brand new book by the two US authors Alex Bogusky and John Winsor about marketing. This book provides a refreshing perspective on the purpose and the progress of marketing.
(Disclosure: I do have no business relationship with the authors or their firms; they have sent a free copy of their book for review to me.)
Actually, the authors are top ad guys in the U.S. with Crispin Porter + Bogusky. They know what they are talking about and they have made a convincing case why mass marketing is dead.
And, they show, what we can do instead. Because, it is time to put a stop on this kind of "marketing", where the CEO orders the marketing manager to try to sell some kind of product or service that nobody really wants.
Add-on Marketing Is Extinct
In fact, this "add-on" marketing - first to produce something and then to try to sell it - was never really marketing. However, the fact that this worked at all was temporarily possible due to an era when mass media reigned supreme.
Because, there was a time - our parents know it - when nearly all families viewed the same news, shows, soaps and, yep, advertising.
These times of mass media are long gone, but the advertising industry is still struggling about how to regain the power of the campaign: Spending millions and moving the masses .... It was just so simple and profitable. And it´s over. Face it.
The Single Most Powerful Marketing Tool
However, Bogusky and Winsor propose in their small, but essential book that today, marketing must be baked into the product and service.
Basically, they demand that we should use our creativity and integrate marketing, product design and advertising into one highly useful, value-loaded package of consumer delight.
The message of the book is clear: the product / service itself is the most powerful marketing tool. Yes, we all know that. However, why don´t marketers act on this knowledge?
In fact, the new product failure rate is up in the 90% range. At the same time we get dozens of similar offers every day. We are flooded with communication, ads and direct mail garbage shouting at us to buy a me-too version of some commodity.
Instead of pouring their hard earned money into really hot and useful products and designs, the marketing guys are trying to dupe us to buy the same-same once more. They call it "creating awareness", "brand preference" or "purchase intent"..... Shareholders call it: a waste of money.
Creativity Is the Key to Baked In
This is the key idea and premise of the book: Stop wasting money and start using your creativity of your people to deliver something consumers really want, love, take part in, co-create, embrace, recommend, enthuse about, adore, desire, etc., etc.
The biggest part of the book consists of 28 "recipes" on how to go for creating value and how to bake in marketing into the product itself.
Some recipes are really tasty, others we have cooked before (with Tom Peters, Blue Ocean Strategy, Market Busters, Lateral Marketing / Kotler, etc.), and others may turn out inedible (that´s okay, at least we tasted it).
Nevertheless, they provide a great many ideas with examples on how to make it better. From culture, through organization, to stories, to thinking habits, to attitudes, to processes and so on. Each recipe can bring some flavor to the process of creating a better product with baked in marketing.
One of the strengths of the book are the real world marketing and brand examples, which make the read easy and enjoyable, but also provides a tangible dimension to applied creativity.
Twitter @Bakedin #Recipe
There is a cool twist to the recipes. Because for each recipe the authors set up a twitter name that can be found on their blog www.bakedin.com where the cooking is going on in real time. This is user generated brewing & boiling of the finest cuisine, a la Web 2.0.
This crowd-sourcing allows every reader of the book to actually help to write forth a current and online version of the book. So if you do not like the taste of some recipes, just change it or make an entirely new one and post it on @Bakedin.
Does Baked In Work in the Real World?
When starting to "bake in" the marketing in our business, does the book help? Yes, definitely. The best way is to just test some recipes and you will cooking for a while on each of them.
When applying the recipies, I found the book makes a somewhat idiosyncratic journey in terms of the suggestions. For more structured minds, we would miss an organizing bracket that relates the various recipes to each other. Even if it would restrict the highly creative spirits.
We should not hold the authors´deep background in marketing and their strong creative streak against them, however, there are some non-marketing issues that are neglected. In fact, many of the suggestions aim to improve the processes of organizational learning and applied creativity.
These change management issues are tough challenges, especially for companies caught in functional fiefdoms and traditional structures.
Nevertheless, the book provides more than enough value for anyone seriously interested in winning the trust and the business of customers.
Baked In Applicable for European Marketers
Sometimes European marketers are sceptical towards the great enthusiasm of their US colleagues about such new trends. Therefore, the question of how the book is applicable for the European situation deserves an answer.
My answer to this is: even more; In many respects the Europeans need the lessons of this book even more badly. Because the attitude in Europe still too often is: "we know better" than the customers or a "we tell them what´s right" kind of elitist smartass arrogance.
The best cure to that kind of delusion is to jump right into the kitchen and - together with your colleagues, with real, tangible customers and with other creative spirits - "bake in" real marketing innovations in your products and services.
Showing posts with label marketing purpose. Show all posts
Showing posts with label marketing purpose. Show all posts
14 October 2009
02 September 2009
Back Into the Future: Word of Mouth - Turbo Charged
What could be more everyday than word of mouth? We all have a mouth and most of us use it often too much, to our own detriment (especially marketers). Therefore, it long escaped the attention of marketing experts, how important the word-of-mouth-share was in buying decisions.
You could measure the significance between industries and between products, but in most cases word of mouth (WOM) contributes 90% or more to the final decision in a purchase process.
Exceptions apply for new product trials, but WOM catches up with that pretty fast. How often have you asked friends to give you their take on the latest movie? Was your decision impacted? I bet.
This did nothing to bolster the self confidence of marketers, quite the contrary. Therefore some clever marketing guys invented the concept of "Word-of-Mouth"-Marketing, also known as "Viral Marketing", "Buzz Marketing" or similar.
However, this was just a creative way to acknowledge that customers have their own darn mind, when it comes to making buying decisions. And then these thankless consumers also talk to their friends about it (particuarly if they did not like the product). And it does not matter a lot what the product manager concocted with his ad agency (or how much that had cost).
In terms of customer retention and loyalty it is well researched that customers talk with each other about staying or leaving with companies. Really great experiences are talked about as well, alright, but really interesting are the lousy encounters. Such stories are spread a dozen times more and damage the reputation of a brand pretty fast.
Slowly, marketing and media managers meekly admit to their big moneyed clients that despite all the advertising, a bad product will not become better through them - or sell more. Blame it all to the good ol´word of mouth.
Web 2.0 - The turbo charger
Now enter Web 2.0 and the word of mouth factor multiplies dramatically. Not only will my family and friends listen to me, no: even stranger heed my two cents. This we will call Word of Mouth - turbo charged.
The turbo as we know it now at engines was invented in 1905 by a Swiss, here. In marketing we know the Web 2.0 and I would suggest to apply the analogy of Word of Mouth - turbo charged to it.
The Web 2.0 world puts the charger on WOM with social media, user generated content, customized online ordering, crowdsourcing, semantic web, etc ..... what the heck else will they cram into the Internet anyway?
The WOM turbo will be the default, normal, run-of-the-mill marketing. Bad news for ad agencies, but guys - the times they are a-changin´.
What really happened is the end of classical mass marketing, which was the actual aberration. It is abnormal to produce millions of the same goods and then expect that people - who are endlessly different and vain on top of that - will buy it.
This was just possible in times of scarcity and when people were still fascinated with television. But, these times are long gone and with new customization, database and mobile technology will never return.
Therefore we are back to the normal world: I want mine, and that is not like yours. And I tell my story, which is mine and not like yours.
And so we all can feel we are different and unique: a free, individual person. Thanks God. And I will tell everyone who wants to hear it.....
P.S.: And, by the way, you cannot control word of mouth. And don´t even try with WOM turbo.
.
You could measure the significance between industries and between products, but in most cases word of mouth (WOM) contributes 90% or more to the final decision in a purchase process.
Exceptions apply for new product trials, but WOM catches up with that pretty fast. How often have you asked friends to give you their take on the latest movie? Was your decision impacted? I bet.
This did nothing to bolster the self confidence of marketers, quite the contrary. Therefore some clever marketing guys invented the concept of "Word-of-Mouth"-Marketing, also known as "Viral Marketing", "Buzz Marketing" or similar.
However, this was just a creative way to acknowledge that customers have their own darn mind, when it comes to making buying decisions. And then these thankless consumers also talk to their friends about it (particuarly if they did not like the product). And it does not matter a lot what the product manager concocted with his ad agency (or how much that had cost).
In terms of customer retention and loyalty it is well researched that customers talk with each other about staying or leaving with companies. Really great experiences are talked about as well, alright, but really interesting are the lousy encounters. Such stories are spread a dozen times more and damage the reputation of a brand pretty fast.
Slowly, marketing and media managers meekly admit to their big moneyed clients that despite all the advertising, a bad product will not become better through them - or sell more. Blame it all to the good ol´word of mouth.
Web 2.0 - The turbo charger
Now enter Web 2.0 and the word of mouth factor multiplies dramatically. Not only will my family and friends listen to me, no: even stranger heed my two cents. This we will call Word of Mouth - turbo charged.
The turbo as we know it now at engines was invented in 1905 by a Swiss, here. In marketing we know the Web 2.0 and I would suggest to apply the analogy of Word of Mouth - turbo charged to it.
The Web 2.0 world puts the charger on WOM with social media, user generated content, customized online ordering, crowdsourcing, semantic web, etc ..... what the heck else will they cram into the Internet anyway?
The WOM turbo will be the default, normal, run-of-the-mill marketing. Bad news for ad agencies, but guys - the times they are a-changin´.
What really happened is the end of classical mass marketing, which was the actual aberration. It is abnormal to produce millions of the same goods and then expect that people - who are endlessly different and vain on top of that - will buy it.
This was just possible in times of scarcity and when people were still fascinated with television. But, these times are long gone and with new customization, database and mobile technology will never return.
Therefore we are back to the normal world: I want mine, and that is not like yours. And I tell my story, which is mine and not like yours.
And so we all can feel we are different and unique: a free, individual person. Thanks God. And I will tell everyone who wants to hear it.....
P.S.: And, by the way, you cannot control word of mouth. And don´t even try with WOM turbo.
.
05 August 2009
The 7 Top Marketing Mistakes
In my work with boosting sales and restoring profitability for companies, the Marketing function mostly is the least developed. While managers realize that strong products and industrious sales people are required, it often is less clear what role marketing should play.
Here are some of the top marketing mistakes and misunderstandings that I found:
1. Marketing is Creativity: "While other departments need to worry about facts and numbers, marketing takes care of the creative and soft side of the business."
Advertising agencies like this argument, because that allows them to produce "emotional" brand campaigns "that will catch the customers´ hearts."
While it is true, that customer appeal needs to include emotional elements, marketing needs to lay the groundwork with facts and empirical work to deliver results: market research, segmentation, positioning, channels, campaign, media selection, messages, PR, leads, contacts, etc.
For all these outcomes marketing has to focus on data and empirical facts. While experience will support good decisions with a "gut feeling", it is ridiculous to base huge budget decisions on a "hunch" instead of on a solid data foundation. See also here.
2. Marketing as Service: "Marketing should support Sales with brochures, advertising and trade fair help."
Sure, salespeople need brochures, advertising and working campaigns. However, marketing has a much more important role today: Marketing needs to identify, select and deliver paying customers. As Kotler said, "Targeting and positioning are the keys to business success. Nail these two decisions and everything good follows."
While other functions need to serve customers as well, marketing is primarily responsible for creating and keeping customers. However, in many firms the marketing function is relegated to a quite junior person with little influence and resources ("the Marketing Lady"). The results of this marketing then are limited to the scope of the position.
3. Marketing without Controlling: "Marketing does not need to be measured for profitability."
In the good ol´days, half of the advertising budget was wasted, they just didn´t know which half. Today, marketing needs to be controlled around measurable objectives and metrics.
Every euro that is spent needs to be measured for the results it delivers. If campaigns do not measurably improve relevant metrics, then they need to be cancelled. Some key metrics are:
4. Marketing lacks Customer Orientation: "Marketing should market our fantastic products and solutions."
Especially in engineering driven organizations, managers expect the marketing and sales functions to sell what R&D have decided customers need. Unfortunately, this product-orientation is long obsolete, but nevertheless still alive and kicking.
Even so, some managers insist to spend big budgets and enormous resources for branding and promotion in order to "persuade" customers to buy. But, in today´s hypercompetitive marketplaces, if a product or service does not hit the customers´taste or need, then even big dollars will not change that.
It is better to ask marketing to really understand the customers´s needs, what they are willing to purchase, and the favorable price targets. This information must be researched on basis of facts and data and then fed into the R&D process. It sounds simple, however, it still is seldomly done systematically.
5. Marketing as a Department: "The marketing department should stick to their stuff."
When marketing is relegated only to the marketing department, then customers have lost the most important advocate in the company. Marketing concerns the customers and therefore the marketing mindset needs to be reinforced across all functions.
With a limited marketing perspective, customers are left alone with their problems. In fact, customers do not care which department screwed up their order. They judge the overall relationship with the company. If they are not happy, they will leave for the competition.
Marketing is more than a department, it is the mindset that customers decide about the fate of the company. Therefore, marketing staff & managers needs to reinforce and coach this attitude across the company.
6. Marketing Chaos: "It is difficult to plan for branding, service and customer communications."
Lack of planning in marketing is a perennial complaint of managers. Of course, marketing is extremely dynamic and many of the market events cannot be anticipated. The above mentioned creative streak adds to the perception that marketing is chaotic and plan- & glueless.
Nevertheless, it is imperative that marketing prepares detailed plans for product development, campaigns, distribution, customer communication (CRM), campaigns, market research, customer service and all other of their duties with deadlines, accountability and budgets.
After the planning phase the marketing managers are responsible to implement these plans and observe deviations so that countermeasures can be devised and implemented on time.
7. Inverse Marketing Logic: "That´s all the budget you get."
Together with the lack of measurement (see Mistake #3), here the marketing logic is perverted. When managers maintain, we cannot afford more marketing budget, then this shows that cause and effect have been inverted.
Nobody should "afford" marketing in good times, just to cut it when it is needed (when customers do not buy). Marketing is an investment and therefore Return on Investment (ROI) is the metric that counts.
Therefore, the marketing budget should not be put together by looking at the competition, the last year or the available cash flow. The key question needed to ask is: How much budget does marketing need to maximize the return on the invested cash? This, of course, requires a bottom up marketing planning.
Of course, there are many more misconceptions in applying marketing principles in today´s competitive markets. E.g. the use of e-business, mobile marketing, global issues, senior customers, social media, etc. In case you know about such a mistake, add it in the comment box below.
Here are some of the top marketing mistakes and misunderstandings that I found:
1. Marketing is Creativity: "While other departments need to worry about facts and numbers, marketing takes care of the creative and soft side of the business."
Advertising agencies like this argument, because that allows them to produce "emotional" brand campaigns "that will catch the customers´ hearts."
While it is true, that customer appeal needs to include emotional elements, marketing needs to lay the groundwork with facts and empirical work to deliver results: market research, segmentation, positioning, channels, campaign, media selection, messages, PR, leads, contacts, etc.
For all these outcomes marketing has to focus on data and empirical facts. While experience will support good decisions with a "gut feeling", it is ridiculous to base huge budget decisions on a "hunch" instead of on a solid data foundation. See also here.
2. Marketing as Service: "Marketing should support Sales with brochures, advertising and trade fair help."
Sure, salespeople need brochures, advertising and working campaigns. However, marketing has a much more important role today: Marketing needs to identify, select and deliver paying customers. As Kotler said, "Targeting and positioning are the keys to business success. Nail these two decisions and everything good follows."
While other functions need to serve customers as well, marketing is primarily responsible for creating and keeping customers. However, in many firms the marketing function is relegated to a quite junior person with little influence and resources ("the Marketing Lady"). The results of this marketing then are limited to the scope of the position.
3. Marketing without Controlling: "Marketing does not need to be measured for profitability."
In the good ol´days, half of the advertising budget was wasted, they just didn´t know which half. Today, marketing needs to be controlled around measurable objectives and metrics.
Every euro that is spent needs to be measured for the results it delivers. If campaigns do not measurably improve relevant metrics, then they need to be cancelled. Some key metrics are:
- Market share (volume or value)
- Awareness
- Relative price (market share value/volume)
- Number of customers
- Number of complaints (level of dissatisfaction vs. recommender)
- Customer satisfaction
- Relative quality
- Distribution / availability
- Perceived quality / esteem
- Loyalty
- Return on Investment (ROI) on the marketing budget
4. Marketing lacks Customer Orientation: "Marketing should market our fantastic products and solutions."
Especially in engineering driven organizations, managers expect the marketing and sales functions to sell what R&D have decided customers need. Unfortunately, this product-orientation is long obsolete, but nevertheless still alive and kicking.
Even so, some managers insist to spend big budgets and enormous resources for branding and promotion in order to "persuade" customers to buy. But, in today´s hypercompetitive marketplaces, if a product or service does not hit the customers´taste or need, then even big dollars will not change that.
It is better to ask marketing to really understand the customers´s needs, what they are willing to purchase, and the favorable price targets. This information must be researched on basis of facts and data and then fed into the R&D process. It sounds simple, however, it still is seldomly done systematically.
5. Marketing as a Department: "The marketing department should stick to their stuff."
When marketing is relegated only to the marketing department, then customers have lost the most important advocate in the company. Marketing concerns the customers and therefore the marketing mindset needs to be reinforced across all functions.
With a limited marketing perspective, customers are left alone with their problems. In fact, customers do not care which department screwed up their order. They judge the overall relationship with the company. If they are not happy, they will leave for the competition.
Marketing is more than a department, it is the mindset that customers decide about the fate of the company. Therefore, marketing staff & managers needs to reinforce and coach this attitude across the company.
6. Marketing Chaos: "It is difficult to plan for branding, service and customer communications."
Lack of planning in marketing is a perennial complaint of managers. Of course, marketing is extremely dynamic and many of the market events cannot be anticipated. The above mentioned creative streak adds to the perception that marketing is chaotic and plan- & glueless.
Nevertheless, it is imperative that marketing prepares detailed plans for product development, campaigns, distribution, customer communication (CRM), campaigns, market research, customer service and all other of their duties with deadlines, accountability and budgets.
After the planning phase the marketing managers are responsible to implement these plans and observe deviations so that countermeasures can be devised and implemented on time.
7. Inverse Marketing Logic: "That´s all the budget you get."
Together with the lack of measurement (see Mistake #3), here the marketing logic is perverted. When managers maintain, we cannot afford more marketing budget, then this shows that cause and effect have been inverted.
Nobody should "afford" marketing in good times, just to cut it when it is needed (when customers do not buy). Marketing is an investment and therefore Return on Investment (ROI) is the metric that counts.
Therefore, the marketing budget should not be put together by looking at the competition, the last year or the available cash flow. The key question needed to ask is: How much budget does marketing need to maximize the return on the invested cash? This, of course, requires a bottom up marketing planning.
Of course, there are many more misconceptions in applying marketing principles in today´s competitive markets. E.g. the use of e-business, mobile marketing, global issues, senior customers, social media, etc. In case you know about such a mistake, add it in the comment box below.
08 May 2009
Marketing Cost Cutting in Downturn
Marketing budgets have been severely cut during the economic downturn. A recent study by the Finance Marketing Association in Vienna found that up to 60% of financial marketing departments have responded to the crises by cutting costs. Is this wrong? Not necessarily.
Looking at the dire situation from the point of view of the agencies, they should shoulder some of the blame for this reduction of marketing budgets. Why? Because in economically strong times the agencies sold anything and everything to image-obsessed CMOs and CEOs.
The main consideration seemed to be that the client manager was "happy" at the moment of campaign launch. Concerns about the Return of Investment (ROI) of such campaigns were an afterthought, if at all. Maybe they were eager to win one of the prestigious prizes, but it was not cash they were after.
Insightful is the fact that the only category getting more budget in the crisis is direct marketing. This makes sense, because direct marketing is much more performance oriented and supports the hypothesis that performance was lacking until now.
Also, the explanation that companies cannot "afford" the marketing budgets seems odd. This sounds like marketing is something like luxury, reserved for good times. In fact, marketing needs to be an investment. And like every investment it needs to return the cash plus a profit margin.
Taken it from this angle, the solution is quite simple: rigorous marketing controlling with pre-testing and performance measurement, based on hard data.
However, this is not an entirely new thought and many agencies would offer it to their clients. The only question then is why it was not marketed before?
Looking at the dire situation from the point of view of the agencies, they should shoulder some of the blame for this reduction of marketing budgets. Why? Because in economically strong times the agencies sold anything and everything to image-obsessed CMOs and CEOs.
The main consideration seemed to be that the client manager was "happy" at the moment of campaign launch. Concerns about the Return of Investment (ROI) of such campaigns were an afterthought, if at all. Maybe they were eager to win one of the prestigious prizes, but it was not cash they were after.
Insightful is the fact that the only category getting more budget in the crisis is direct marketing. This makes sense, because direct marketing is much more performance oriented and supports the hypothesis that performance was lacking until now.
Also, the explanation that companies cannot "afford" the marketing budgets seems odd. This sounds like marketing is something like luxury, reserved for good times. In fact, marketing needs to be an investment. And like every investment it needs to return the cash plus a profit margin.
Taken it from this angle, the solution is quite simple: rigorous marketing controlling with pre-testing and performance measurement, based on hard data.
However, this is not an entirely new thought and many agencies would offer it to their clients. The only question then is why it was not marketed before?
10 November 2008
Marketing Needs to Deliver Cash Flow
As my teacher, Prof. Philip Kotler, once remarked, “There are two types of CEOs—those who know that they don’t understand marketing and those who don’t know that they don’t understand marketing.”
As he would have known quite a many CEOs, this tells me that marketing needs to explain itself better to CEOs.
One consequence of this lack of understanding results in the across-the-board cut of marketing budgets. In an effort to secure survival, CEOs cut expenses, quite correctly.
However, to cut marketing investments is like unscrewing the engine from the car, because it "weighs so much", in order to gain speed. This works until the downhill momentum stops, then the car really stops in its tracks. We do not want that to happen to our companies, do we?
Because marketing is the driving motor of the company we must not "unscrew it". Done right, marketing has two tasks, nicely defined in "Marketing Champions":
In order to be a serious driver of company success, Marketing - as a function and a team - must not get lost in the creative, "soft" advertising stuff. Quite the contrary: the role of marketing is to safeguard the one and only reason for the existence of the company: to profitably win and keep customers.
It is to hope that even CEOs will understand that. And, that they will ask their marketing managers to deliver the cash flow or to find such marketers that do.
Thus, marketing is the engine of the company.
As he would have known quite a many CEOs, this tells me that marketing needs to explain itself better to CEOs.
One consequence of this lack of understanding results in the across-the-board cut of marketing budgets. In an effort to secure survival, CEOs cut expenses, quite correctly.
However, to cut marketing investments is like unscrewing the engine from the car, because it "weighs so much", in order to gain speed. This works until the downhill momentum stops, then the car really stops in its tracks. We do not want that to happen to our companies, do we?
Because marketing is the driving motor of the company we must not "unscrew it". Done right, marketing has two tasks, nicely defined in "Marketing Champions":
- identifying new sources of cash flow
- realizing this cash flow.
In order to be a serious driver of company success, Marketing - as a function and a team - must not get lost in the creative, "soft" advertising stuff. Quite the contrary: the role of marketing is to safeguard the one and only reason for the existence of the company: to profitably win and keep customers.
It is to hope that even CEOs will understand that. And, that they will ask their marketing managers to deliver the cash flow or to find such marketers that do.
Thus, marketing is the engine of the company.
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)